Source: Book- Alternative Femininities; Body, Age and Identity
Publisher: Berg, 2004
About the author: research fellow at Leeds Beckett university, work focuses on gender, subcultures and ageing
Concepts:
- Older research into subcultures was male centric and biased e.g. Foote Whyte, 1943
- subcultures give women a chance to change the traditional narrative of "marriage as their true vocation"
- gives women a chance to develop a new way to be women
- old research also didn't include mixed sex subcultures, different ethnicities or sexualities
- subcultures are involved in "production and marketing for consumption"
- generally it is more acceptable for men to rebel
- subcultures give women "choice and variety"
Key Quotes:
- "Feminism had had an impact at all levels of society, including girls' magazines and television dramas, allowing space for more positive and varied portrayals of girls and women"
- "the state of flux in relation to what now constitutes feminine identity, offered girls more opportunities and choices"
- "this creates the need for subcultural styles to be constantly reinvented as 'dangerous' (challenging, shocking) since he asserts, style and appearance are central to subculture activity: the styles were a crucial element of playing the part of the unruly youth"
- "the CCCS looked at friendships, beliefs, behaviours, clothes and other material objects, and how these added up to 'maps of meaning' which shaped the subcultures and its members"
Examples of this text in real life:
- rise of Riot Grrls in the 90's
- rise in "girlgangs" and feminist opinions today
- 'black lives matter' and 'yes, all men' movements on social media
- media double standards on the policing of womens bodies vs mens
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